Minoxidil

Currently, the only FDA approved treatment for female pattern baldness is Minoxidil.

by Mayalopecia

Minoxidil was originally an oral drug used to treat high blood pressure. Interestingly, researchers discovered that a common side effect of the treatment was increased hair growth. This led the drug’s makers, Upjohn, to investigate the hair growing abilities of minoxidil. A 2% topical solution, applied to the scalp twice daily, was found to increase the number of hairs present on a balding scalp. Upjohn released Rogaine (Regaine in UK/Europe) as a hair regrowth agent. Minoxidil 2% remains the only FDA approved drug for treating female hair loss.

Minoxidil is also available over the counter in 5%, or extra, strength. While the 5% solution is believed to work faster and produce better results than the 2 % version, it can also cause more side effects in women. Both formulations can cause increased heart rate, chest pain and dizziness in some individuals. These effects are generally due to systemic absorption of the drug into the blood stream from the scalp application. If these symptoms occur, discontinuing the use of the drug is highly recommended. Other systemic effects of minoxidil, such as increased facial and body hair growth are common in women—particularly those using the 5% formulation. These effects may go away with continued use, and generally cease if the drug is stopped. Certain individuals may find the alcohol or propylene glycol used in the formulations of the 2% and 5% lotions irritating. For some, this goes away as the skin becomes accustomed to the lotion, but for others an allergic reaction develops. See your dermatologist if you have concerns.

Many users report increased shedding when first beginning treatment with minoxidil. This is common, as the drug is forcing hairs that are already in the telogen phase to shed. These hairs should be replaced by stronger, thicker hair in time. Results may appear in the form of short sprouts of hair at the eight-week mark, but expect to give the treatment at least sixteen weeks before noticing results. It may take up to one year to realize results, but shedding should have decreased with four months of use.